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false4DOIDB.FID 10.5880/fidgeo.2025.114 Capitanio, Fabio Fabio Capitanio 0000-0003-2131-8723 Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Reitano, Riccardo Riccardo Reitano 0000-0002-6295-5588 Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy GFZ Data Services 2025 EPOS multi-scale laboratories analogue models of geologic processes analogue modelling results earth surface setting > hillslope setting Generic camera geolocical hydrogeological > landslide Glass/Plexiglas box > Glass/Plexiglas box (cm scale) isostatic uplift mountains mountainslope Particle Flow Code (numerical software) Plastic ridge Sand > Quartz Sand Science Keywords > EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > EROSION/SEDIMENTATION > LANDSLIDES Science Keywords > EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES side slope slope and gravitational features Surface image tectonic uplift Videocamera Capitanio, Fabio Fabio Capitanio 0000-0003-2131-8723 Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Reitano, Riccardo Riccardo Reitano 0000-0002-6295-5588 Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy Laboratory of Experimental Tectonics (University of Roma TRE, Italy) Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy ILGE TNA/NOA MEET Project (Monitoring Earth's Evolution and Tectonics) Capitano, Fabio Monash University, Melbourne, Australia 2025/2030 2025 2025 Image https://ilge.ct.ingv.it/ https://meet.ingv.it/ CC BY 4.0 We implemented, by means of analogue laboratory modelling, the key processes of the feedback among erosion and landslides, isostatic response and lithospheric flexure, to address how these lead to landsliding. The processes involved have different response times and characteristic length-scales and/or threshold behaviours and are suitable to the investigation in scaled analogue experiment, which aptly capture the behaviour of the natural prototype.

These processes have been simulated using sand, to simulate mountain slopes, erosion and landslides, and viscous solids, e.g., syrup and silicone, to simulate the underlying lithosphere and mantle. This approach combines established techniques, such as laboratory fluid-filled tanks reproducing deformation and restoring force of the Earth’s mantle, and silicone to reproduce the viscoelastic lithosphere dynamics, whereas sand is used to capture the plastic behaviour of slopes and landslides, while climate-driven precipitation is routinely simulated to address slope erosion.

All the modelling techniques are well established, minimising the risk of the project. Combining these techniques into a single modelling approach is novel as it reliably captures the feedback between processes acting across vastly different spatial and temporal scales, so far addressed in isolation.

This publication results from work conducted under the transnational access/national open access action at Laboratory of Experimental Tectonics (University of Roma TRE, Italy), supported by WP3 ILGE - MEET project, PNRR - EU Next Generation Europe program, MUR grant number D53C22001400005.
European Commission http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 MEET Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100021856 D53C22001400005 MEET