2026-06-21T21:14:07Zhttp://doidb.wdc-terra.org/oaip/oaioai:doidb.wdc-terra.org:78542026-06-10T10:25:41ZDOIDBDOIDB.FIDfalse4DOIDB.FID
10.5880/fidgeo.2023.043
Westner, Katrin J.
Katrin J.
Westner
0000-0001-5529-1165
Forschungsbereich Archäometallurgie, Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Rose, Thomas
Thomas
Rose
0000-0002-8186-3566
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Institut für Geowissenschaften, Frankfurt, Germany
Klein, Sabine
Sabine
Klein
0000-0002-3939-4428
Forschungsbereich Archäometallurgie, Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum, Bochum, Germany
FIERCE, Frankfurt Isotope &Element Research Center, Goethe Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Institut für Archäologische Wissenschaften, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Hsu, Yiu-Kang
Yiu-Kang
Hsu
0000-0002-2439-4863
Forschungsbereich Archäometallurgie, Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Becerra, María Florencia
María Florencia
Becerra
CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) - División Arqueología, Museo de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
Nezafati, Nima
Nima
Nezafati
0000-0002-5806-343X
Forschungsbereich Archäometallurgie, Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Renson, Virginie
Virginie
Renson
Archaeometry Laboratory, Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
Stephens, Jay
Jay
Stephens
Archaeometry Laboratory, Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
GlobaLID – Global Lead Isotope Database (Version 12/2023)
GFZ Data Services
2023
raw material provenance
chemical > isotope
chemical element > element of group IV > lead
chemical element > transition element > copper
chemical element > transition element > silver
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOCHEMISTRY > GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES > ISOTOPE RATIOS
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOCHEMISTRY > GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES > ISOTOPES
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS > METALS
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS > METALS > METALS AGE DETERMINATIONS
EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS > METALS > METALS VERTICAL/GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Spectrometers/Radiometers > ICP-MS
In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Spectrometers/Radiometers > MC-ICP-MS
industrial process > metal working > metal smelting
industry > metallurgical industry > non-ferrous metal industry
lithosphere > mineral > metallic mineral > non-ferrous metal
resource utilisation
resource utilisation > extraction
resource utilisation > extraction > mining
Klein, Sabine
Sabine
Klein
0000-0002-3939-4428
Forschungsbereich Archäometallurgie, Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum, Bochum, Germany
FIERCE, Frankfurt Isotope &Element Research Center, Goethe Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Institut für Archäologische Wissenschaften, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
GlobaLID Core Team
Forschungsbereich Archäometallurgie, Leibniz-Forschungsmuseum für Georessourcen/Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum, Germany
Fischer-Lechner, Sabine
Sabine
Fischer-Lechner
Forschungsbereich Archäometallurgie, Leibniz-Forschungsmuseum für Georessourcen/Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum, Germany
Killick, David
David
Killick
School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
Pryce, T. O.
T. O.
Pryce
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7065 Institut de Recherche sur les ArchéoMATériaux, Université Paris-Saclay & CEA/CNRS UMR 3685 NIMBE, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
GlobaLID Core Team
Forschungsbereich Archäometallurgie, Leibniz-Forschungsmuseum für Georessourcen/Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum, Germany
Dataset
https://globalid.dmt-lb.de/
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10.1016/0012-821X(75)90223-X
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10.1007/s00126-012-0422-7
10.2113/gsecongeo.84.5.1210
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10.2113/gsecongeo.69.3.318
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10.35537/10915/25861
10.2113/gsecongeo.85.8.1857
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10.1007/s00126-001-0223-x
10.1111/j.1751-3928.2010.00139.x
10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01294-2
10.1016/j.oregeorev.2011.02.002
10.1080/00206814.2015.1013510
10.1016/j.jas.2014.08.006
10.2113/gsecongeo.86.1.81
10.22520/tubaar.2009.0018
10.1111/1475-4754.00097
10.1515/prhz.1993.68.1.1
10.2113/gsecongeo.83.4.843
10.2113/gsecongeo.83.4.724
10.1016/0016-7037(73)90010-0
10.1016/j.crte.2018.01.002
10.2113/gsecongeo.71.1.44
10.1007/s00126-007-0158-y
10.1007/s00126-009-0266-y
10.1016/j.oregeorev.2010.05.004
10.1007/BF00204520
10.7298/X4QZ2866
10.1371/journal.pone.0282660
10.1111/j.1475-4754.1995.tb00753.x
10.1111/j.1475-4754.1996.tb00784.x
10.1111/j.1475-4754.1997.tb00792.x
10.3406/arsci.1981.1158
10.1130/MEM154-p791
10.1007/s00126-020-00989-3
10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104403
10.1016/0012-821X(67)90125-2
10.1016/j.jas.2021.105474
10.2298/GABP1802019V
10.1139/e96-074
10.1007/s00126-001-0211-1
10.1016/0899-5362(94)90055-8
10.1016/j.jas.2023.105791
10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105559
10.22190/TEME1804125A
10.52321/GeolBalc.26.4.25
10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.04.005
10.1007/BF00207136
10.7494/geol.2016.42.1.19
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10.1016/j.oregeorev.2005.07.027
10.3390/min11111223
10.5644/Godisnjak.CBI.ANUBiH-46.95
10.3390/geosciences8120444
10.1007/s007100070008
10.11588/jrgzm.1987.2.72132
10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.07.008
10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.07.008
10.1007/s00126-007-0130-x
10.2113/gsecongeo.49.5.451
10.2113/gsecongeo.49.5.451
10.5474/geologija.1999.010
10.2113/gsecongeo.95.5.1155
10.2113/gsecongeo.95.5.1155
10.2298/GABP0301093S
10.3390/app11020479
10.2113/econgeo.108.1.135
10.1007/3-540-27946-6_213
10.2478/rmzmag-2019-0008
10.5880/fidgeo.2021.031
10.5880/fidgeo.2025.080
CC BY 4.0
This dataset is a continuously growing collection of lead isotope reference data. Lead isotopes are an
established method to reconstruct the raw material provenance of archaeological objects. They are
typically applied to artefacts made of copper, lead, silver, and their alloys. However, also the raw ma-
terial provenance of other materials such as glass, pigments and pottery was already investigated us-
ing lead isotopes.
To successfully reconstruct the origin of the raw material, lead isotope signatures from as many as
possible suitable raw material occurrences must be known. In the past, large-scaled research projects
were carried out to characterise ore deposits especially in the Mediterranean area and Western Eu-
rope. However, many of these data are dispersed in the literature and were published in scientific
articles or monographs. Consequently, each researcher or at least each research group had to build
their own up-to-date database of reference data from the literature. To overcome these restrictions,
to facilitate work with lead isotope reference data and particularly to make the data FAIR, i.e., finda-
ble, accessible, interoperable and reusable (Wilkinson et al. 2016), these published data are compiled
and transferred into a uniform layout. They are further enhanced with additional metadata to facili-
tate their use in raw material provenance studies.
Currently, the database is restricted to ores and minerals as these are the most relevant materials for
provenance studies of ancient metals. Future updates will include hitherto uncovered regions but
also additional data from countries already present. Slag and other metallurgical (by-) products from
ancient sites in close vicinity to ore deposits generally are a genuine representation of the ores uti-
lised in historic times. As such, they are highly relevant for provenance studies and an extension to
these materials is therefore planned.
GlobaLID is a representation of the collective work of researchers on Pb isotope studies. As such, the
database is seen as a community engagement project that invites scientists all over the world to be-
come active contributors of GlobaLID. The initiators of the database dedicate their effort to the con-
tinuation and maintenance of the database but only the support of the whole community will allow a
rapid and successful growth of GlobaLID.
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