2026-05-14T11:46:39Zhttp://doidb.wdc-terra.org/oaip/oaioai:doidb.wdc-terra.org:77292023-04-06T11:15:45ZDOIDBDOIDB.PIKfalse4DOIDB.PIK
10.5880/PIK.2022.003
Feulner, Georg
Georg
Feulner
0000-0001-9215-5517
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
Bukenberger, Mona Sofie
Mona Sofie
Bukenberger
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
Petri, Stefan
Stefan
Petri
0000-0002-4379-4643
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany
Simulation data for tracing snowball bifurcation on an earth-like aquaplanet over 4 billion years
GFZ Data Services
2022
paleoclimate
Snowball Earth
global glaciation
snowball bifurcation
EARTH SCIENCE > PALEOCLIMATE > LAND RECORDS > GLACIATION
EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES > MODELS > COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS
Feulner, Georg
Georg
Feulner
0000-0001-9215-5517
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
Bukenberger, Mona Sofie
Mona Sofie
Bukenberger
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
Petri, Stefan
Stefan
Petri
0000-0002-4379-4643
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany
Feulner, Georg
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
Dataset
10.1089/ast.2010.0545
10.1007/s00382-001-0198-4
10.1051/0004-6361:20020749
10.1111/j.2153-3490.1969.tb00466.x
10.1175/1520-0469(1977)034<1696:otbsod>2.0.co;2
10.1029/2000JD900221
10.1002/jgrd.50808
10.1007/s11214-020-00711-9
10.1007/s00382-001-0200-1
10.1007/s00382-003-0378-5
10.1175/1520-0469(1976)033<0003:csfast>2.0.co;2
10.1016/j.precamres.2011.04.003
10.1175/1520-0450(1972)011<0004:aimote>2.0.co;2
10.1029/2011GL048529
10.1029/2011RG000375
10.1073/pnas.1712062114
10.1016/j.epsl.2014.08.001
10.1038/ngeo2523
10.1029/97JC00480
10.1130/G38682.1
10.1038/ncomms14845
10.1029/2007GL031115
10.3402/tellusa.v28i2.10261
10.1175/1520-0469(1976)033<0003:csfast>2.0.co;2
10.1007/BF00151270
10.5194/cp-5-785-2009
10.3402/tellusa.v26i6.9870
10.1038/nature02471
10.1046/j.1365-3121.2002.00408.x
10.1029/2005JC003279
10.1007/BF00206862
10.1002/2014JD022466
10.1029/1998GL900298
10.1016/j.gca.2015.03.011
10.1016/0301-9268(87)90001-5
10.1029/2012GL054381
10.5194/cp-9-1841-2013
10.1029/2010GL045777
10.1016/j.pss.2013.09.011
10.5194/cp-10-697-2014
10.1126/sciadv.aay4644
10.1029/2003PA000926
10.1029/2006JC004037
10.1175/1520-0469(1977)034<1487:srmosc>2.0.co;2
10.5194/cp-9-2555-2013
10.1007/s00382-016-3278-1
10.1007/s00382-005-0044-1
10.1175/1520-0469(1975)032<1301:astasc>2.0.co;2
10.1175/1520-0469(1975)032<2033:toebcm>2.0.co;2
10.1016/0921-8181(90)90003-U
10.1175/1520-0469(1979)036<1189:dbsama>2.0.co;2
10.1029/RG019i001p00091
10.1029/JC088iC11p06576
10.1017/S0022143000025752
https://mom-ocean.github.io/assets/pdfs/MOM3_manual.pdf
10.1007/PL00007919
10.1146/annurev-earth-040809-152447
10.1029/2001GL014352
10.1029/RG016i004p00465
10.1175/2010JCLI3545.1
10.5194/cp-2-31-2006
10.1175/2009JAS3039.1
10.1038/nature08955
10.1038/378603a0
10.1029/JC078i027p06182
10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.125144
10.1175/1520-0450(1969)008<0392:AGCMBO>2.0.CO;2
10.1016/j.precamres.2006.02.004
https://shen.sdsu.edu/pdf/shen_camqu_1999.pdf
10.1130/G47506.1
10.1016/j.gsf.2013.02.003
10.1016/j.epsl.2014.03.044
10.5194/cp-8-2079-2012
10.1007/s00382-009-0633-5
10.5194/cp-7-249-2011
10.1016/j.pss.2008.04.008
10.1089/ast.2012.0936
10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00189.1
10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00190.1
10.5194/cp-8-907-2012
10.5194/esd-2022-36
V 2022-07-27
CC BY 4.0
The atmospheric concentration of CO2 at which global glaciation (snowball) bifurcation occurs, changes throughout Earth's history, most notably because of the slowly increasing solar luminosity. Quantifying this critical CO2 concentration is not only interesting from a climate dynamics perspective, but also an important prerequisite for understanding past Snowball Earth episodes as well as the conditions for habitability on Earth and other planets. Here we use the coupled climate model CLIMBER-3α in an Aquaplanet configuration to scan for the Snowball bifurcation point for time slices spanning the last 4 billion years, thus quantifying the time evolution of the bifurcation and identifying a qualitative shift in critical state dynamics.
To scan for the Snowball bifurcation for more than a dozen time slices throughout Earth’s history, we use the relatively fast Earth-system model of intermediate complexity CLIMBER-3α. It consists of a modified version of the ocean general circulation model (OGCM) MOM3 with a horizontal resolution of 3.75◦× 3.75◦ and 24 vertical levels, a dynamic/thermodynamic sea-ice model the same horizontal resolution and a fast statistical-dynamical atmosphere model with a coarse horizontal resolution of 22.5◦ in longitude and 7.5◦ in latitude. The sea-ice model explicitly takes into account sea-ice dynamics, a factor which has been found to be of crucial importance for the Snowball bifurcation. The effects of snow cover on sea ice are explicitly taken into account. The main limitations of the model relate to its simplified atmosphere component. For more details see the corresponding paper.
18 time slices from today over 3600 Ma
-180
180
-90
90