<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="xsl/oaitohtml.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-04-18T12:16:01Z</responseDate><request identifier="oai:doidb.wdc-terra.org:6728" metadataPrefix="oai_datacite" verb="GetRecord">http://doidb.wdc-terra.org/oaip/oai</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:doidb.wdc-terra.org:6728</identifier><datestamp>2024-09-04T09:03:04Z</datestamp><setSpec>DOIDB</setSpec><setSpec>DOIDB.ICGEM</setSpec></header><metadata><oai_datacite xmlns="http://schema.datacite.org/oai/oai-1.0/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://schema.datacite.org/oai/oai-1.0/ http://schema.datacite.org/oai/oai-1.0/oai.xsd"><isReferenceQuality>false</isReferenceQuality><schemaVersion>4</schemaVersion><datacentreSymbol>DOIDB.ICGEM</datacentreSymbol><payload><default:resource xmlns:default="http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4"
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  <default:identifier identifierType="DOI">10.5880/ICGEM.2019.007</default:identifier>
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      <default:creator>
         <default:creatorName>Zingerle, Philipp</default:creatorName>
         <default:givenName>Philipp</default:givenName>
         <default:familyName>Zingerle</default:familyName>
         <default:affiliation>Institute of Astronomical and Physical Geodesy, Technical University of Munich, Germany</default:affiliation>
      </default:creator>
      <default:creator>
         <default:creatorName>Pail, Roland</default:creatorName>
         <default:givenName>Roland</default:givenName>
         <default:familyName>Pail</default:familyName>
         <default:nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID">0000-0002-4364-4012</default:nameIdentifier>
         <default:affiliation>Institute of Astronomical and Physical Geodesy, Technical University of Munich, Germany</default:affiliation>
      </default:creator>
      <default:creator>
         <default:creatorName>Gruber, Thomas</default:creatorName>
         <default:givenName>Thomas</default:givenName>
         <default:familyName>Gruber</default:familyName>
         <default:nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID">0000-0001-5210-1995</default:nameIdentifier>
         <default:affiliation>University Bern, Bern, Switzerland</default:affiliation>
      </default:creator>
      <default:creator>
         <default:creatorName>Oikonomidou, Xanthi</default:creatorName>
         <default:givenName>Xanthi</default:givenName>
         <default:familyName>Oikonomidou</default:familyName>
         <default:affiliation>Institute of Astronomical and Physical Geodesy, Technical University of Munich, Germany</default:affiliation>
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  <default:titles>
      <default:title xml:lang="eng">The experimental gravity field model XGM2019e</default:title>
  </default:titles>
  <default:publisher>GFZ Data Services</default:publisher>
  <default:publicationYear>2019</default:publicationYear>
  <default:subjects>
      <default:subject>geodesy</default:subject>
      <default:subject>global gravity field model</default:subject>
      <default:subject>ICGEM</default:subject>
      <default:subject>GOCO</default:subject>
      <default:subject>GOCE</default:subject>
      <default:subject schemeURI="http://gcmdservices.gsfc.nasa.gov/kms/concepts/concept_scheme/sciencekeywords"
                       subjectScheme="NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords"
                       xml:lang="en">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; SOLID EARTH &gt; GEODETICS &gt; GEOID CHARACTERISTICS</default:subject>
      <default:subject schemeURI="http://gcmdservices.gsfc.nasa.gov/kms/concepts/concept_scheme/sciencekeywords"
                       subjectScheme="NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords"
                       xml:lang="en">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; SOLID EARTH &gt; GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD &gt; GRAVITY</default:subject>
  </default:subjects>
  <default:contributors>
      <default:contributor contributorType="DataCurator">
         <default:contributorName>Ince, Elmas Sinem</default:contributorName>
         <default:givenName>Elmas Sinem</default:givenName>
         <default:familyName>Ince</default:familyName>
         <default:nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID">0000-0002-3393-1392</default:nameIdentifier>
         <default:affiliation>GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany</default:affiliation>
      </default:contributor>
      <default:contributor contributorType="DataManager">
         <default:contributorName>Reißland, Sven</default:contributorName>
         <default:givenName>Sven</default:givenName>
         <default:familyName>Reißland</default:familyName>
         <default:nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID">0000-0001-6293-5336</default:nameIdentifier>
         <default:affiliation>GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany</default:affiliation>
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      <default:relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="Cites">10.1007/1345_2015_182</default:relatedIdentifier>
      <default:relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="Cites">10.5880/icgem.2015.1</default:relatedIdentifier>
      <default:relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="Cites">10.1016/j.jag.2015.03.001</default:relatedIdentifier>
      <default:relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="Cites">10.5880/ICGEM.2019.002</default:relatedIdentifier>
      <default:relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="Cites">10.5880/icgem.2017.003</default:relatedIdentifier>
      <default:relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="Cites">10.1029/2011JB008916</default:relatedIdentifier>
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      <default:rights rightsURI="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</default:rights>
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      <default:description descriptionType="Abstract">XGM2019e is a combined global gravity field model represented through spheroidal harmonics up to d/o 5399, corresponding to a spatial resolution of 2’ (~4 km). As data sources it includes the satellite model GOCO06s in the longer wavelength area combined with terrestrial measurements for the shorter wavelengths. The terrestrial data itself consists over land and ocean of gravity anomalies provided by courtesy of NGA (identical to XGM2016, having a resolution of 15’) augmented with topographically derived gravity over land (EARTH2014). Over the oceans, gravity anomalies derived from satellite altimetry are used (DTU13, in consistency with the NGA dataset).<default:br/>
         <default:br/>The combination of the satellite data with the terrestrial observations is performed by using full normal equations up to d/o 719 (15’). Beyond d/o 719, a block-diagonal least-squares solution is calculated for the high-resolution terrestrial data (from topography and altimetry). All calculations are performed in the spheroidal harmonic domain.<default:br/>
         <default:br/>In the spectral band up to d/o 719 the new model shows over land a slightly improved behavior over preceding models such as XGM2016, EIGEN6c4 or EGM2008 when comparing it to independent GPS leveling data. Over land and in the spectral range above d/o 719 the accuracy of XGM2019e suffers from the sole use of topographic forward modelling; Hence, errors are increased in well-surveyed areas compared to models containing real gravity data, e.g. EIGEN6c4 or EGM2008. However, the performance of XGM2019e can be considered as globally more homogeneous and independent from existing high resolution global models. Over the oceans the model exhibits an improved performance throughout the complete spectrum (equal or better than preceding models).</default:description>
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