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false4DOIDB.SDDB 10.5880/ICDP.5052.002 Niemeijer, Andre 0000-0003-3983-9308 Utrecht University, The Netherlands GFZ Data Services 2017 EPOS multi-scale laboratories ICDP International Continental Drilling Programme Deep Fault Drilling Project fault gauge rock and melt physical properties EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES > TECTONIC LANDFORMS > FAULTS EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS > METAMORPHIC ROCKS > METAMORPHIC ROCK PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES Friction > Imposed Slip > Rate-State Friction > Imposed Slip > Slide-Hold-Slide Powder Mixture Rotary Shear Niemeijer, Andre 0000-0003-3983-9308 Utrecht University, The Netherlands Niemeijer, Andre 0000-0003-3983-9308 Utrecht University, The Netherlands Niemeijer, Andre 0000-0003-3983-9308 Utrecht University, The Netherlands Experimental rock deformation/HPT-Lab (Utrecht University, The Netherlands) e3a4f5d02528d02c516dbea19c20b32c Utrecht University, The Netherlands Niemeijer, Andre Utrecht University, The Netherlands 2017-07-07 2011-01-18/2011-02-06 2011-01-18/2011-02-06 Dataset 10.1002/2015JB012593 10.1146/annurev.earth.26.1.643 10.1029/93JB00780 CC BY 4.0 The Alpine Fault, New Zealand, is a major plate-bounding fault that accommodates 65–75% of the total relative motion between the Australian and Pacific plates.


Here we present data on the hydrothermal frictional properties of Alpine Fault rocks that surround the principal slip zones (PSZ) of the Alpine Fault and those comprising the PSZ itself. The samples were retrieved from relatively shallow depths during phase 1 of the Deep Fault Drilling Project (DFDP-1) at Gaunt Creek. Simulated fault gouges were sheared at temperatures of 25, 150, 300, 450, and 600°C in order to determine the friction coefficient as well as the velocity dependence of friction.


Friction remains more or less constant with changes in temperature, but a transition from velocity-strengthening behavior to velocity-weakening behavior occurs at a temperature of T = 150°C. The transition depends on the absolute value of sliding velocity as well as temperature, with the velocity-weakening region restricted to higher velocity for higher temperatures.Friction was substantially lower for low-velocity shearing (V<0.3 μm/s) at 600°C, but no transition to normal stress independence was observed. In the framework of rate-and-state friction, earthquake nucleation is most likely at an intermediate temperature of T = 300°C.


The velocity-strengthening nature of the Alpine Fault rocks at higher temperatures may pose a barrier for rupture propagation to deeper levels, limiting the possible depth extent of large earthquakes. Our results highlight the importance of strain rate in controlling frictional behavior under conditions spanning the classical brittle-plastic transition for quartzofeldspathic compositions.


The data is provided in a .zip folder with 33 subfolders for 33 samples. Detailed information about the files in these subdfolders as well as sensors used, conversions and data specifications is given in the explanatory file Niemeijer-2017-DFDP-explanation-of-folder-structure-and-file-list.pdf.
DFDP-1A: Gaunt Creek, South Westland, New Zealand 170.326 -43.3161 DFDP-1B: Gaunt Creek, South Westland, New Zealand 170.327 -43.316